{"id":2990,"date":"2011-08-21T04:43:07","date_gmt":"2011-08-21T04:43:07","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/nomadscatalans.net\/fetataiwan\/?p=2990"},"modified":"2011-08-23T04:19:20","modified_gmt":"2011-08-23T04:19:20","slug":"corea-del-nord-i","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nomadscatalans.net\/fetataiwan\/?p=2990","title":{"rendered":"<!--:es-->Corea del Nord (I)<!--:--><!--:en-->North Korea (I)<!--:-->"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><!--:es-->Com ja va dir l&#8217;Anna <a href=\"http:\/\/nomadscatalans.net\/fetataiwan\/?p=2853\" target=\"_blank\">al seu anterior post<\/a> no he anat a visitar-la a la \u00cdndia. La destinaci\u00f3 sorpresa d&#8217;aquest any era <a href=\"http:\/\/www.wikitravel.org\/en\/North_Korea\">Corea del Nord<\/a> (o Democratic People&#8217;s Republic of Korea, DPRK) i com que podeu llegir aix\u00f2 vol dir que tot ha anat b\u00e9 :)<\/p>\n<p><center><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/nomadscatalans.net\/fetataiwan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/north_korea_google_maps.png\" alt=\"\" title=\"Corea del Nord al Google Maps\" width=\"426\" height=\"467\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-2992\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nomadscatalans.net\/fetataiwan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/north_korea_google_maps.png 426w, https:\/\/nomadscatalans.net\/fetataiwan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/north_korea_google_maps-273x300.png 273w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 426px) 100vw, 426px\" \/><\/center><\/p>\n<p>Com que resulta una destinaci\u00f3 particular (ja veieu que el Google Maps no en sap massa cosa, tot i que \u00e9s un problema pol\u00edtic m\u00e9s que no pas t\u00e8cnic) i diversos dels amics han mostrat inter\u00e8s per saber sobre l&#8217;experi\u00e8ncia far\u00e9 un relat detallat, per\u00f2 per no fer un post massa llarg dividir\u00e9 l&#8217;explicaci\u00f3 en 2 o 3 posts que publicar\u00e9 els pr\u00f2xims dies.<\/p>\n<p>A Corea del Nord <strong>NO<\/strong> s&#8217;hi pot anar en plan motxilero sino que nom\u00e9s s&#8217;hi pot anar amb un viatge organtizat. Segons diverses fonts sembla que al voltant d&#8217;uns 1,200 estrangers (2\/3 xinesos) visiten DPRK cada any. Hi ha diverses agencies de viatge amb les que poder contractar el tour per\u00f2 jo vaig optar per apuntar-me al viatge organitzat per la <a href=\"http:\/\/www.korea-dpr.com\/\" target=\"_blank\">Korean Friendship Associaton (KFA)<\/a>, presidida pel medi\u00e0tic <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alejandro_Cao_de_Benos_de_Les_y_P%C3%A9rez\">Alejandro Cao de Benos de Les y P\u00e9rez<\/a>, amb el convenciment de poder tenir una visi\u00f3 m\u00e9s complerta del pa\u00eds. <\/p>\n<p><center><a href=\"http:\/\/www.korea-dpr.com\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/nomadscatalans.net\/fetataiwan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/kfa_website_spanshot_small.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"KFA website\" width=\"402\" height=\"206\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-2996\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nomadscatalans.net\/fetataiwan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/kfa_website_spanshot_small.jpg 402w, https:\/\/nomadscatalans.net\/fetataiwan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/kfa_website_spanshot_small-300x153.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 402px) 100vw, 402px\" \/><\/a><\/center><\/p>\n<p>La KFA \u00e9s una missi\u00f3 especial del govern de la DPRK a l&#8217;estranger amb moltes atribucions i responsabilitats (una mena de ministeri d&#8217;asumptes exteriors per\u00f2 amb m\u00e9s flexibilitat d&#8217;acci\u00f3) i la gent que s&#8217;apunta al viatge \u00e9s considerada amiga de la DPRK (no un turista regular com en altres ag\u00e8ncies). Us recamno una passejada per la web i el f\u00f2rum.<\/p>\n<p><H2>Tot comen\u00e7a a Beijing<\/h2>\n<p>El punt de sortida i finalitzaci\u00f3 del viatge era Beijing. Vaig anar-hi amb un parell de dies d&#8217;antel\u00b7laci\u00f3. Al ser una ciutat on ja he fet el turista em vaig limitar a caminar una mica i anar a passejar pels parcs que s\u00f3n una del\u00edcia a l&#8217;estiu. L&#8217;Emma (una amiga de l&#8217;Anna que viu ara a Beijing) es va cuidar de que no em falt\u00e9s de res i em va ensenyar el Beijing m\u00e9s \u00ablocal\u00bb. Mil gr\u00e0cies!!!<\/p>\n<p>[salbumphotos=100,64,max,n,n,picasa_order]<\/p>\n<p>La trobada amb la KFA era a les 8 del mat\u00ed del dia 10 d&#8217;Agost a un hotel de Beijing. Va ser el primer cop que em vaig trobar amb els companys de viatge i la sensaci\u00f3 era similar a les gales inaugurals del Gran Hermano. Hi havia una barreja important de nacionalitats i motivacions per anar a la DPRK. L&#8217;Alejandro ens va explicar una mica el planing, ens va avisar que la DPRK est\u00e0 de fet encara en guerra tot i haver firmat un armistici, i va introduir-nos algunes de les restriccions que tindriem a la DPRK .A arrel d&#8217;alguna pregunta vam fins i tot disfrutar d&#8217;alguna dissertaci\u00f3 sobre com la Xina actual (capitalista amb una estructura comunista) \u00e9s el pitjor de totes les solucions. La cosa prometia doncs. <\/p>\n<p><center><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/nomadscatalans.net\/fetataiwan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/DSC_0133_600.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"Foto del grup\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-2999\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nomadscatalans.net\/fetataiwan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/DSC_0133_600.jpg 600w, https:\/\/nomadscatalans.net\/fetataiwan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/DSC_0133_600-300x169.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/center><\/p>\n<p>Nota: els \u00fanics noms reals s\u00f3n els de l&#8217;Alejandro i el Bjornar que s\u00f3n personalitats p\u00fabliques i conegudes. A la resta de companys els hi he posat un nom fitici per respectar la seva intimitat.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Alejandro i el Bjornar s\u00f3n el president i el \u201cdeputy\u201d de la KFA, per tant els organitzadors i responsables del viatge.<\/li>\n<li>D&#8217;origen rus la Nadia (vivint a Irlanda del Nord. Aquest era el seu 3r viatge i \u00e9s membre de la KFA) i al Vladimir (vivint a Fran\u00e7a, membre de la KFA i molt motivat amb tot el tema militar)<\/li>\n<li>Un dels companys m\u00e9s particulars era el Mark, director de cine que vol ser capa\u00e7 de donar una visi\u00f3 positiva de la DPRK. El Mark \u00e9s nord-irland\u00e8s per\u00f2 ara viu ben al nord de Noruega (i ha viatjat per mig m\u00f3n)<\/li>\n<li>Al Andrzej de Pol\u00f2nia el motiva explorar possibles relacions comercials amb algunes de les empreses nord coreanes.<\/li>\n<li>Fernando \u00e9s un brasiler (n&#8217;hi ha molt pocs que visitin DPRK) que treballa a la borsa per\u00f2 a la vegada t\u00e9 molt inter\u00e8s en totes les idees socialistes\/comunistes i lleugerament anti-americ\u00e0. Despr\u00e9s del viatge encara no he ent\u00e8s com ho casa tot plegat per\u00f2 en qualsevol cas una persona intel\u00b7ligent i viatjada.<\/li>\n<li>I com no&#8230; dues noies basques, l&#8217;Arantza i la Idoia, tamb\u00e9 amb molta experi\u00e8ncia de donar voltes pel m\u00f3n (una d&#8217;elles ara viu a cavall entre Bilbao i el nord del Pakistan). <\/li>\n<p>La primera sopresa va ser el visat. Normalment els turistes reben una \u00abtourist card\u00bb separat del passaport, com aquest:<\/p>\n<p><center><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/nomadscatalans.net\/fetataiwan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/north_korea_tourist_card.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"Tourist Card for North Korea\" width=\"500\" height=\"358\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3000\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nomadscatalans.net\/fetataiwan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/north_korea_tourist_card.jpg 500w, https:\/\/nomadscatalans.net\/fetataiwan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/north_korea_tourist_card-300x214.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/center><\/p>\n<p>Suposo que al anar amb la KFA i ser considerats m\u00e9s que turistes normals, a nosaltres ens van posar un visat real al passaport (veurem si aix\u00f2 porta problemes en futurs viatges a segons quins pa\u00efsos com USA)<\/p>\n<p><center><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/nomadscatalans.net\/fetataiwan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/DPRK_visa.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"DPRK visa\" width=\"600\" height=\"420\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3002\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nomadscatalans.net\/fetataiwan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/DPRK_visa.jpg 600w, https:\/\/nomadscatalans.net\/fetataiwan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/DPRK_visa-300x210.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/center><\/p>\n<h2>Viatge cap a Pyongyang i primeres impressions<\/h2>\n<p>L&#8217;endem\u00e0 avi\u00f3 (Tupolev molt nou de Koryo Airlines) i cap a <a href=\"http:\/\/wikitravel.org\/en\/Pyongyang\" target=\"_blank\">Pyongyang<\/a> falta gent.<\/p>\n<p>[salbumphotos=101,64,max,n,n,picasa_order]<\/p>\n<p>A l&#8217;aeroport et segellen i guarden el m\u00f2bil fins que surtis del pa\u00eds. A la DPRK hi ha m\u00f2bils (la tecnologia la proporciona Orascom d&#8217;Egipte) per\u00f2 ens van dir que funcionen amb una encriptaci\u00f3 diferent (???). En qualsevol cas els m\u00f2bils no s\u00f3n omnipresents i sembla que nom\u00e9s gent amb certes responsabilitats pot tenir-hi acc\u00e9s (els nostres guies tenien m\u00f2bils moderns i els feien servir bastant)<\/p>\n<p>Al ser un tour organitzat tot estava planitificat al detall (quan tingui un esc\u00e0ner a m\u00e0 afegir\u00e9 el .pdf aqu\u00ed). Ja ens van alertar que la burocr\u00e0cia \u00e9s tan complicada a la DPRK que fins i tot alg\u00fa com l&#8217;Alejandro (de 3r rang en la jerarquia total del pa\u00eds) no pot fer canvis d&#8217;\u00faltima hora (una extensi\u00f3 de 2 dies d&#8217;una visa pot requerir 10 dies de tr\u00e0mits). Aquesta super burocr\u00e0cia no crec que afavoreixi el dinamisme del pais en general i pot fer que molta gent deixi d&#8217;intentar fer coses nom\u00e9s per la burocr\u00e0cia amb la s&#8217;han d&#8217;enfrontar. D&#8217;altra banda hi ha gent que es sent comfortable amb processos ben definits encara que siguin llargs i en molts passos.<\/p>\n<p>Des del primer moment est\u00e0 clar que estarem controlats de ben aprop i no podrem ni anar a pixar sols (cosa que en algun moment va passar literalment). Un cop t&#8217;expliquen la pol\u00edtica del pa\u00eds es pot entendre aquesta obsessi\u00f3 pel control per\u00f2 d&#8217;entrada resulta estrany. Com qualsevol altre grup que visita la DPRK, en tot moment teniem 2 guies amb nosaltres. Alguns companys van patir un marcatge m\u00e9s fort que el vaig tenir jo per\u00f2 si que sembla que tot el que passa\/fas\/dius queda registrat d&#8217;alguna manera.<\/p>\n<p>El primer trajecte en bus de l&#8217;aeroport al hotel permet veure una ciutat \u00abespartana\u00bb, poc asi\u00e0tica, for\u00e7a verda (parcs, marges del riu, etc.) i dominada en tot moment per l&#8217;Hotel Ryugyong (no acabat del tot encara)<\/p>\n<p><center><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/nomadscatalans.net\/fetataiwan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/pyongyang_arrival.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"Pyongyang\" width=\"620\" height=\"411\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3008\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nomadscatalans.net\/fetataiwan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/pyongyang_arrival.jpg 620w, https:\/\/nomadscatalans.net\/fetataiwan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/pyongyang_arrival-300x198.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\" \/><\/center><\/p>\n<p>La majoria de turistes van al Koryo Hotel (gent de negocis sobretot) o al Yangkagdo Hotel (molt a\u00efllat, per tenir als turistes m\u00e9s controlats). A nosaltres ens van posar a un hotel m\u00e9s local i c\u00e8ntric (Haegbansan Hotel). Res espectacular per\u00f2 correcte i funcional.<\/p>\n<p>[salbumphotos=102,64,max,n,n,picasa_order]<\/p>\n<p>A l&#8217;hotel no hi ha internet (de fet no n&#8217;hi ha enlloc) i fer trucades a l&#8217;estranger resulta molt car (per 3 minuts amb espanya i 2 minuts amb xina vaig pagar 9,4\u20ac)<\/p>\n<p>No pots sortir de l&#8217;hotel (m\u00e9s enll\u00e0 de l&#8217;esplanada de davant) sense gu\u00eda, amb el que tens el moviments restringits (la justificaci\u00f3 oficial \u00e9s que \u00e9s per la teva propia seguretat).<\/p>\n<h2>Breu introducci\u00f3 a la DPRK<\/h2>\n<p>El que tothom \u00absap\u00bb \u00e9s que la DPRK \u00e9s comunista, \u00abdel eje del mal\u00bb i molt a\u00efllat de la resta del m\u00f3n. Per voluntat pr\u00f2pia <strong>NO<\/strong> em vaig informar en acc\u00e9s sobre la DPRK abans d&#8217;anar-hi i aix\u00ed poder  tenir la ment oberta per asaborir tota l&#8217;experi\u00e8ncia sense expectatives concretes, prejudicis previs o detalls hist\u00f2rics segons la versi\u00f3 no nord-coreana. Ha resultat un viatge molt interessant en diversos aspectes i crec que la digesti\u00f3 de tot plegat ser\u00e0 lenta.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b><u>Viatge en l&#8217;espai:<\/b><\/u> Corea \u00e9s a \u00c0sia (tot i que l&#8217;arquitectura enganya for\u00e7a i en molts moments ho pots dubtar). Crec que viure un any i mig a \u00c0sia m&#8217;ha perm\u00e8s entendre millor alguns dels valors i actituds de la gent de la DPRK, com el fet de que el grup \u00e9s m\u00e9s important que la persona (com\u00fa en moltes cultures asi\u00e0tiques).<\/li>\n<li><b><u>Viatge en el temps:<\/b><\/u> Tot sovint semblava estar als anys 80,  tant amb els seus aspectes limitadors (tecnologia o disseny) com en aspectes m\u00e9s positius (poc estr\u00e9s, nens jugant al carrer fins tard i saber disfrutar del que es t\u00e9 encara que no sigui molt)<\/li>\n<li><b><u>Viatge mental:<\/b><\/u> Aquest potser ha estat el m\u00e9s complicat. D&#8217;una banda intentar entendre com s&#8217;organitza un pais comunista i a\u00efllat del m\u00f3n i com pensa la gent que hi viu (o l&#8217;estima). D&#8217;altra banda veure com ets control\u00b7lat en tot moment i tot el que fas s&#8217;evalua des d&#8217;una perspectiva negativa. En 10 dies no es pot aconseguir una valoraci\u00f3 complerta per\u00f2 si que es pot rascar una mica la superf\u00edcie.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Per tal d&#8217;entendre la DPRK el primer dia vam visitar la casa del naixement de Kim Il Sung. La casa resulta m\u00e9s aviat poc creible per\u00f2 es un bon punt inici\u00e0tic i tots els turistes i la gran majoria de nord-coreans la visiten.<\/p>\n<p>[salbumphotos=103,64,max,n,n,picasa_order]<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kim_Il-sung\" target=\"_blank\">Kim Il Sung<\/a>(1912 \u2013 1994) es presenta com un infant superdotat i que en l&#8217;edat adulta es va convertir en el pare de la DPRK. En la versi\u00f3 nord-coreana \u00e9s l&#8217;heroi que amb un ex\u00e8rcit de guerrilles va expulsar als Japonesos de Corea l&#8217;any 1945 i m\u00e9s tard va liderar tamb\u00e9 la guerra de Corea fins a la firma de l&#8217;armistici. Altres fonts posen en dubte molts dels detalls de la versi\u00f3 oficial.<\/p>\n<p><center><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/nomadscatalans.net\/fetataiwan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/DSC_1019.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"Kim Il Sung\" width=\"620\" height=\"412\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3011\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nomadscatalans.net\/fetataiwan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/DSC_1019.jpg 620w, https:\/\/nomadscatalans.net\/fetataiwan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/DSC_1019-300x199.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\" \/><\/center><\/p>\n<p>El 15 d&#8217;abril de 2012 far\u00e0 100 anys del naixement de Kim Il Sung. L&#8217;hotel Ryugyong s&#8217;inaugurar\u00e0 (algunes plantes), barris de Pyongyang s&#8217;estant renovant o construint, diverses infrastructures civils s&#8217;enllestiran i hi haur\u00e0 la \u201cparade\u201d militar m\u00e9s gran mai vista a la DPRK. <\/p>\n<p>El mateix dia vam anar a un museu sobre tecnologia nord-coreana. El m\u00e9s interessant va ser entendre que la DPRK \u00e9s un pa\u00eds ric en minerals (per\u00f2 certes materies les consideren estrat\u00e8giques i no les exporten). Fan servir els minerals per a tot, fins i tot per fer fibres. Per contra s\u00f3n molt pobres en terra cultivable (17% del territori) i amb un clima poc amigable gran part de l&#8217;any pel que pateixen regularment problemes per alimentar la poblaci\u00f3 i necessiten importar menjar.<\/p>\n<p>Tamb\u00e9 tenen problemes per generar energia (tot i que estan apunt d&#8217;inaugurar una pressa i diuen que tamb\u00e9 miren al tema de les energies renovables). La famosa hist\u00f2ria de la tecnolog\u00eda nuclear (ara mateix  descontinuada) forma part de la generaci\u00f3 d&#8217;energia (versi\u00f3 oficial).<\/p>\n<p>Per l&#8217;a\u00efllament i el bloqueig han optimitzat molts processos i per exemple els neumatics els reciclen tan com poden ja que sin\u00f3 els han d&#8217;importar.  <\/p>\n<p>L&#8217;objectiu final \u00e9s poder produir el 99% de les necessitats generals de la DPRK localment i redu\u00efr les importacions al 1% (encara falta per arribar a aquest estadi)<\/p>\n<p>La industria en els pa\u00efsos comunistes \u00e9s un orgull nacional i es pot veure tot sovint a la TV, propaganda, etc. En els pa\u00efsos occidentals resulta m\u00e9s estrany veure informaci\u00f3 sobre l&#8217;activitat industrial m\u00e9s b\u00e0sica del pa\u00eds.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/nomadscatalans.net\/fetataiwan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/museu.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"Museu tecnologia\" width=\"635\" height=\"547\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3013\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nomadscatalans.net\/fetataiwan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/museu.jpg 635w, https:\/\/nomadscatalans.net\/fetataiwan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/museu-300x258.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 635px) 100vw, 635px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Ja que hi ha molta des\/informaci\u00f3 (i tot sovint malintencionada), uns quants \u201cquick facts\u201d sobre DPRK basats en la informaci\u00f3 oficial rebuda durant el viatge i observacions personals. Us ho podeu prendre com a contrapunt a les altres informacions i la veritat estar\u00e0 m\u00e9s o menys al mig.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u00c9s un pais comunista d&#8217;uns 24 milions d&#8217;habitants amb el que l&#8217;estat propociona casa, educaci\u00f3, atenci\u00f3 m\u00e8dica, roba, cupons per menjar i et troba feina. No hi ha paro.<\/li>\n<li>Treballen de dilluns a dijous unes 8-9 hores. El divendres es dedica a treball voluntari (entec que \u00e9s treballar en alguna altre cosa), la meitat del dissabte a l&#8217;estudi i la resta \u00e9s temps lliure. Tenen 2 setmanes de vacances a l&#8217;any. La veritat \u00e9s que no es veu gent estressada o corrent a la DPRK.<\/li>\n<li>L&#8217;organitzaci\u00f3 i els objectius de producci\u00f3 els marca l&#8217;estat en funci\u00f3 de les necessitats de la DPRK. En teor\u00eda aix\u00f2 permet limitar la sobreproducci\u00f3 de coses que no es necessiten. Aquesta planificaci\u00f3 central sempre ha estat un punt de debat en els sistemes comunistes.<\/li>\n<li>Ens van comentar que el salari oscila entre 3000-8000 wons (20\u20ac &#8211; 60\u20ac amb un canvi 150 Won = 1\u20ac) i \u00e9s la gent amb la feina m\u00e9s dura (granjers, miners, etc.) els qui reben el salari m\u00e9s elevat. Els treballadors d&#8217;oficina reben un salari menor. Amb el salari poden comprar menjar, roba, llibres, etc. addicionals. Fonts com la Wikipedia parlen d&#8217;un salari de 2\u20ac al mes per\u00f2 tamb\u00e9 he llegit 1000\u20ac l&#8217;any&#8230; dificil de saber<\/li>\n<li>Hi ha bancs per\u00f2 nom\u00e9s pels estalvis. No es pot demanar un cr\u00e8dit i endeutar-se massa (nom\u00e9s per un casament o similar i per pocs diners). Amb la crisi del deute actual aix\u00f2 no no poder-se endeutar potser no \u00e9s una mala idea.<\/li>\n<li>No hi ha publicitat (per\u00f2 la veritat \u00e9s que no es troba a faltar). L\u00b4\u00fanica publicitat que vaig veure va ser a la botiga d&#8217;import-export nacional on es presentaven productes locals a empreses estrangeres.<\/li>\n<li>Hi ha botigues per\u00f2 totes pertanyen a l&#8217;estat. Moltes de les botigues les porten gent gran que hi viu aprop i aix\u00f2 els permet fer vida amb el barri. Ho explicar\u00e9 m\u00e9s endevant.<\/li>\n<li>Es pot anar amb bicicleta i les noies poden portar pantalons (alg\u00fan articulista va dir que no??)<\/li>\n<li>Els texans (jeans) no estan permesos, per ser americans<\/li>\n<li>El fet de tenir 2 gu\u00edes al grup no \u00e9s per evitar que els estrangers subornin a un gu\u00eda sino per permetre relleus quan calgui (ja que el gu\u00eda no est\u00e0 amb la seva fam\u00edlia sin\u00f3 amb el grup de turistes, \u00e9s a dir, dorm al hotel i no a casa seva). Suposo que tamb\u00e9 permet capturar m\u00e9s informaci\u00f3 sobre les activitats dels participants.<\/li>\n<li>Ens comenten que la societat t\u00e9 una moral molt estricta en el comportament p\u00fablic per\u00f2 poca infer\u00e8ncia en els aspectes privats com l&#8217;orientaci\u00f3 sexual. <\/li>\n<li>Hi ha poca pol\u00edcia ja que \u201ctothom \u00e9s un pol\u00edcia\u201d (i es denunciar\u00e0n comportaments o actituds incorrectes). Suposo que \u00e9s inc\u00f2mode ser denunciat per un conciutad\u00e0&#8230;<\/li>\n<li>\u00c9s un pa\u00eds ultra-segur i quasi no hi ha c\u00e0meres de vigilancia, per\u00f2 sempre hi ha alg\u00fa que et vigila :)<\/li>\n<li>A la ciutat, fora d&#8217;algunes rotondes, hi ha poc transit i aix\u00f2 combinat amb grans avingudes d\u00f3na molta sensaci\u00f3 de desert. Fora de la ciutat el tr\u00e0nsit \u00e9s \u00ednfim i les carreteres <strong>molt<\/strong> sobredimensionades. La versi\u00f3 oficial respon que les carreteres estan pensades per a la guerra (moure columnes de tancs i poder-hi aterrar\/enlairar avions)<\/li>\n<li>La gent nordcoreana riu, fa esport, balla als parcs (despr\u00e9s de beure una mica), etc&#8230;. en general gent normal i corrent&#8230; almenys des d&#8217;un punt de vista extern.<\/li>\n<p>Hi ha dues idees principals que inspiren als nord-coreans i cal tenir-les presents al visitar el pais, <strong>el Juche i el Songun<\/strong>. La meva explicaci\u00f3 ser\u00e0 breu i incompleta per\u00f2 podeu buscar altres fonts a internet si hi teniu inter\u00e8s.<br \/>\n<b><u>El Juche<\/b><\/u><br \/>\nEl Juche s&#8217;ha definit com l&#8217;aplicaci\u00f3 del Marxisme-Leninisme al context nord-core\u00e0 i es tracta de tenir la capacitat d&#8217;actuar de manera independent sense interfer\u00e8ncies externes (el bloqueig internacional no els deixa molta m\u00e9s opci\u00f3 en qualsevol cas). A Espanya hi ha el <a href=\"http:\/\/partidojuche.wordpress.com\/\" target=\"_blank\">Partido Juche en Espa\u00f1a.<\/a><\/p>\n<p>A Pyongyang hi ha una gran torre de 170 metres (Torre Juche) d&#8217;al\u00e7ada erigida en honor a Kim Il Sung pel seu 70\u00e8 aniversari. Veureu tamb\u00e9 l&#8217;emblema del Partit dels Treballadors de Corea amb un treballador, un pag\u00e8s i un intelectual.<\/p>\n<p>[salbumphotos=104,64,max,n,n,picasa_order]<\/p>\n<p><b><u>Songun<\/b><\/u><br \/>\nEl Songun \u00e9s m\u00e9s f\u00e0cil de resumir: L&#8217;exercit primer o l&#8217;exercit \u00e9s el m\u00e9s important, ent\u00e8s no nom\u00e9s en un sentit de defensa sin\u00f3 tamb\u00e9 com a motor ejectuor dels conceptes de la revoluci\u00f3. A la DPRK parlen de l&#8217;era del Songun per referir-se a l&#8217;era actual.<\/p>\n<p>A difer\u00e8ncia dels ex\u00e8rcits a altres llocs del m\u00f3n, l&#8217;exercit de la DPRK \u00e9s un ex\u00e8rcit que serveix com a m\u00e0 d&#8217;obra per a molts construccions i obres en general. Per aix\u00f2 sempre apareixen a la propaganda i a la TV al costat dels obrers. Sembla una bona idea fer servir l&#8217;estructura existent de l&#8217;exercit per a motius civils&#8230; altres pa\u00efsos en podrien aprendre de la DPRK (almenys en aquest aspecte)<\/p>\n<p>Disposen d&#8217;un mili\u00f3 de soldats (tot i \u201ctothom es considera un soldat i est\u00e0 disposat a morir pel pais\u201d) i uns quants (<10 sembla?) caps nuclears. Si s\u00f3n atacats poden enviar els m\u00edsils amb caps nuclears a Corea del Sud i Jap\u00f3 en pocs minuts). \u00c9s tracta principalment d'una funci\u00f3 disuas\u00f2ria per evitar infer\u00e8ncies estrangeres en com DPRK tracta els seus asumptes interns i per ara sembla que ho han aconseguit.\n\nEn diverses ocasions durant el viatge es va sentir que sense un ex\u00e8rcit no pots defensar les teves idees\/pol\u00edtica (alg\u00fa fins i tot es va oferir a ajudar a Catalunya si calia). Jo s\u00f3c poc amant del tema militar per\u00f2 si que \u00e9s cert que occident nom\u00e9s ataca a pa\u00efsos militarment debilitats i sense amics al consell general de la ONU, com L\u00edbia que poc despr\u00e9s de que el Gadafi va \u201centregar les armes\u201d (per ser acceptat com un amic a occident) s'ha vist interferida per les pot\u00e8ncies occidentals (a arrel de la primavera \u00e0rab, que fins a cert punt serveix d'excusa m\u00e9s que de ra\u00f3 \u00faltima). Sense un ex\u00e8rcit i armament potent probablement la DPRK no exisitiria a dia d'avui.\n\n\n\n<h2>El pin a la solapa<\/h2>\n<p>Una de les imatges caracter\u00edstiques de la DPRK \u00e9s que tothom va amb un pin amb els colors de la bandera del pa\u00eds i una imatge de Kim Il Sun o Kim Jong Il (poc habitual). <\/p>\n<p><center><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/nomadscatalans.net\/fetataiwan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/pin.jpg\" alt=\"Imatge de http:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/fljckr\/\" title=\"Pin\" width=\"500\" height=\"333\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3016\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nomadscatalans.net\/fetataiwan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/pin.jpg 500w, https:\/\/nomadscatalans.net\/fetataiwan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/pin-300x199.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/center><\/p>\n<p>\u00c9s un regal de l&#8217;estat als ciutadans (quan fan 21 anys si no recordo malament) i despr\u00e9s per m\u00e8rits i servei al pa\u00eds es poden aconseguir pins de major rang (tot i que les versions d&#8217;aix\u00f2 no coincidien entre els diversos guies). Als estrangers que col\u00b7laboren amb la DPRK se&#8217;ls dona un pin de fons blanc. Segons ells mateixos, l&#8217;Alejandro i el Bjornar s\u00f3n les 2 \u00faniques excepcions ja que ells tenen el pin amb fons vermell i de major rang possible degut a la seva responsabilitat a la KFA. Els coreans que ho veien no ho acababen d&#8217;entendre i els estaven molt encuriosit de saber com havien aconseguit el pin.<\/p>\n<p>[salbumphotos=105,64,max,n,n,picasa_order]<\/p>\n<p>Nota: A la Xina o l eBay es poden aconseguir reproduccions per\u00f2 clar, sense el valor simb\u00f2lic.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Nota: Les pr\u00f2ximes parts del viatge tindr\u00e1n m\u00e9s fotos i menys texte! :) primer us havia d&#8217;explicar una mica aquest pais.<\/strong><!--:--><!--:en-->As Anna already mentioned <a href=\"http:\/\/nomadscatalans.net\/fetataiwan\/?p=2853\" target=\"_blank\">at her last post<\/a> I was not going to visit her in India. The secret holiday destination this year was <a href=\"http:\/\/www.wikitravel.org\/en\/North_Korea\">North Korea<\/a> (or Democratic People&#8217;s Republic of Korea, DPRK) and as you are reading this it means that everything was alright :)<\/p>\n<p><center><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/nomadscatalans.net\/fetataiwan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/north_korea_google_maps.png\" alt=\"\" title=\"North Korea at Google Maps\" width=\"426\" height=\"467\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-2992\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nomadscatalans.net\/fetataiwan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/north_korea_google_maps.png 426w, https:\/\/nomadscatalans.net\/fetataiwan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/north_korea_google_maps-273x300.png 273w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 426px) 100vw, 426px\" \/><\/center><\/p>\n<p>As it is an unusual destination (as you can see Google Maps has no clue about it, although this is more political than technical problem) and a number of my friends were curious about it I will prepare a series of 3 posts with detailed information and opinions.<\/p>\n<p>At North Korea it is <strong>NOT<\/strong> to travel like a backpacker and the only way to enter the country is with an organized tour. According to various sources around 1200 foreigners visit DPRK every year (2\/3 of them Chinese, so around 400 western tourists). There are various agencies in Beijing or Hong Kong that offer the tour but I decided to enroll with the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.korea-dpr.com\/\" target=\"_blank\">Korean Friendship Associaton (KFA)<\/a>, lead by the well known <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Alejandro_Cao_de_Benos_de_Les_y_P%C3%A9rez\">Alejandro Cao de Benos de Les y P\u00e9rez<\/a>. I hoped to have a deeper and more complete view of the country by joining KFA delegation instead of a regular tour operator.<\/p>\n<p><center><a href=\"http:\/\/www.korea-dpr.com\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/nomadscatalans.net\/fetataiwan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/kfa_website_spanshot_small.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"KFA website\" width=\"402\" height=\"206\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-2996\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nomadscatalans.net\/fetataiwan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/kfa_website_spanshot_small.jpg 402w, https:\/\/nomadscatalans.net\/fetataiwan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/kfa_website_spanshot_small-300x153.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 402px) 100vw, 402px\" \/><\/a><\/center><\/p>\n<p>KFA is a special delegation of the DPRK government to operate in foreign countries with numerous activities (some of these could not be perfomed by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in an official way). People joining KFA delegation (some of them are KFA members) are not considered regular tourists but friends of DPRK. I highly recommend to tour around their website (forum, faqs, etc.) to learn more about them.<\/p>\n<p><H2>Everything starts at Beijing<\/h2>\n<p>The tour starts and ends at Beijing. I decided to go two days ahead to enjoy the city. As I&#8217;ve already done all the \u00abmust do\u00bb in Beijing I just strolled around and sit in the lovely parks (best thing to do in summer). Emma (Anna&#8217;s friend living at Beijing) took care of me at nights and showed me the local Beijing. Thank you very much!!<\/p>\n<p>[salbumphotos=100,64,max,n,n,picasa_order]<\/p>\n<p>The initial meeting with KFA was at 8 o&#8217;clock in the morning of August 10th at an hotel. It was the first time that I was going to meet with my travelmates and the feeling was like being in at the inauguration gala of Big Brother. There was a mix of nationalities and motivations to join the tour to the DPRK.<br \/>\nAlejandro briefed the group, reminded that DPRK is still at war with South Korea (although there is an armistice agreement) and introduced some of the limitations we were going to face at DPRK. At the Q&#038;A we could enjoy his explanation on how current Chinese solution (capitalism using the existing comunist centric structures) is the most perverse combination in the entire world. It was an interesting start.  <\/p>\n<p><center><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/nomadscatalans.net\/fetataiwan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/DSC_0133_600.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"Group foto\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-2999\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nomadscatalans.net\/fetataiwan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/DSC_0133_600.jpg 600w, https:\/\/nomadscatalans.net\/fetataiwan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/DSC_0133_600-300x169.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/center><\/p>\n<p>Note: I am only using real names for Alejandro and Bjornar who are publicly know as KFA members, for the rest I use fake names to preserve their privacy.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Alejandro and Bjornar are the president and the deputy of KFA. Organizers of the trip and defenders of the North Korean cause around the world.<\/li>\n<li>Nadia is Russian (although she now lives at Northen Ireland. She&#8217;s KFA member and this was her 3rd trip to DPRK). Vladimir is also Russian but living in France (member of KFA and highly motivated to learn all about DPRK and army related stuff)<\/li>\n<li>One of the most particular characters was Mark, movie director who wants to make a positive film about DPRK (if they allow him&#8230;). Mark grew up in Belfast and now lives in the northen remote areas of Norway (and he&#8217;s travelled to half of the world while making films)<\/li>\n<li>Andrzej from Poland is looking to understand if it is possible to have some business relations with DPRK for his firm. Bureaucracy in DPRK is very very very compliated.<\/li>\n<li>Fernando is a Brazilian (it seems very few Brazilians enter DPRK) that works at the stock market but at the same time has interest on socialist\/communist ideals with an small anti-american twist. Even after the trip I still don&#8217;t fully understand how he mixes everything but nevertheless he&#8217;s very intelligent, educated and experienced..<\/li>\n<li>Last but not least&#8230; two girls from Basque Country (currently part of Spain), Arantza and Idoia. Both with extensive travel experience (just to mention that one of the currently lives between Bilbao and the north of Pakistan).<\/li>\n<p>The first surprise was the visa. As I learned on some internet forums, DPRK tourists get a \u00abtourist card\u00bb (detached from the passport) as this one:<\/p>\n<p><center><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/nomadscatalans.net\/fetataiwan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/north_korea_tourist_card.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"Tourist Card for North Korea\" width=\"500\" height=\"358\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3000\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nomadscatalans.net\/fetataiwan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/north_korea_tourist_card.jpg 500w, https:\/\/nomadscatalans.net\/fetataiwan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/north_korea_tourist_card-300x214.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/center><\/p>\n<p>I assume that because we joined KFA delegation and were considered more than regular tourists in our case we got a real DPRK visa on our passports (it will interesting to see if that creates any problem to enter some countries in the future)<\/p>\n<p><center><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/nomadscatalans.net\/fetataiwan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/DPRK_visa.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"DPRK visa\" width=\"600\" height=\"420\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3002\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nomadscatalans.net\/fetataiwan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/DPRK_visa.jpg 600w, https:\/\/nomadscatalans.net\/fetataiwan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/DPRK_visa-300x210.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/center><\/p>\n<h2>Plane to Pyongyang and initial impressions<\/h2>\n<p>On the following day we took a plane (a new Tupolev from Koryo Airlines) and headed toward <a href=\"http:\/\/wikitravel.org\/en\/Pyongyang\" target=\"_blank\">Pyongyang<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>[salbumphotos=101,64,max,n,n,picasa_order]<\/p>\n<p>At the airport they take and lock your mobile phone until you leave the country. At the DPRK people use mobile phones (the mobile phone network technology is provided by Orascom from Egypt) but they work in a slightly different way (different GSM encryption???). In any case while at DPRK the mobiles are not as visible as in any other country in the world and only people with certain responsabilities seems to have access to one (our guides had modern mobile phones and they used them everyday)<\/p>\n<p>Being an organized tour everything was scheduled with detail (when I will have a scanner I will add a .pdf here). They mentioned couple of times that DPRK bureaucracy is very complicated and even someone like Alejandro (3rd in rank of management) can not request last minute changes (as an example a 2 days extension of a visa can take up to 10 days). I don&#8217;t think a system like that can help to generate dynamism and new ideas in the country, a lot of people won&#8217;t even try to do certain things because of the bureacracy involved on it. On the other hand I also met people who feel very comfortable when dealing with well defined processes (eventhough it can be very long)<\/p>\n<p>Right from the very first moment it was clear that we were going to be closely monitored at all times and we could not even go to pee alone (that actually happened once). Once you are introduced to the politics of the country you understand a little bit better this obsession with control but it feels weird. As any other tour group visiting DPRK we were joined by 2 guides. Some travelmates were more closely monitored than myself but in any case it was obvious that anything that you do\/say will end up recorded somewhere.<\/p>\n<p>From the airport to the hotel it is possible to see an \u00abspartan\u00bb city, not very asian, surprisingly green (parks, river sides, etc.) and dominated from all sides by the Ryugyong Hotel (still under construction, but almost finished from the exterior)<\/p>\n<p><center><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/nomadscatalans.net\/fetataiwan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/pyongyang_arrival.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"Pyongyang\" width=\"620\" height=\"411\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3008\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nomadscatalans.net\/fetataiwan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/pyongyang_arrival.jpg 620w, https:\/\/nomadscatalans.net\/fetataiwan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/pyongyang_arrival-300x198.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\" \/><\/center><\/p>\n<p>Most tourists end up at Koryo Hotel (business oriented) or at the Yangkagdo Hotel (very isolated, so tourists can not escape :)). Everybody except two people were placed at a more local and centric hotel: Haegbansan Hotel. Nothing special but correct and functional.<\/p>\n<p>[salbumphotos=102,64,max,n,n,picasa_order]<\/p>\n<p>At the hotel there is no internet (in fact there is no internet anywhere) and calling abroad is extremely expensive (I talked 3 minutes with Spain and 2 minutes with China with a cost of almost 10\u20ac)<\/p>\n<p>You can not leave the hotel (further than the parking lot in front of it) without a guide. The official justification claims that it is for your own safety as you could be mistaken as a spy. (it seems DPRK people are educated to believe that most of foreigners are spies)<\/p>\n<h2>Brief introduction to DPRK<\/h2>\n<p>Everybody \u00abknows\u00bb that DPRK belongs to the \u00abaxis of evil\u00bb and it is a very isolated country suffering international sanctions. I consciously decided <strong>NOT<\/strong> to inform myself too much so I could enjoy the experience without any specific expectation, believes or historical details that might not match north korean version. It has been indeed a very interesting trip in various front and I think it will take a while to fully digest the experience.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b><u>Space travel:<\/b><\/u> Korea is Asia (although looking from the window one could have doubts about it). I think that the fact of living in Asia for more than a year and a half allowed me to better understand some of the DPRK people habits and values, such as that the group is more important than the individual (common among all Asian cultures).<\/li>\n<li><b><u>Time travel:<\/b><\/u> Quite often it was like being back to the 80&#8217;s, both in aspects like technology and design but also in aspects like no stress or having kids playing on the street till late (TV is not very interesting in DPRK).<\/li>\n<li><b><u>Mental trip:<\/b><\/u> This one was probably the most complicated bit. On one side try to understand how an isolated and communist country is organized and how the people that live (and\/or love it) think about their future. On the other side being under surveillance 24\/7 and knowing that all your actions will be evaluated as a potential thread first. In only 10 days it is only possible to sracth the surface.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>In order to understand DPRK the first visit was the house where Kim Il Sung was born. The house setup is not very impressive but understanding the DPRK version of Kim Il Sung live is a good starting point. All tourists visit the house and north korean seem to drop by too. (just a short ride from Pyongyang)<\/p>\n<p>[salbumphotos=103,64,max,n,n,picasa_order]<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kim_Il-sung\" target=\"_blank\">Kim Il Sung<\/a>(1912 \u2013 1994) is presented as an extremely smart child that at the adult age becomes the father of modern DPRK. According to North Korean version he&#8217;s the one leading a guerrilla based attack to expel the Japanese (he manage to do it on 1945). Later on Kim Il Sung leads the army during the Korean was until the armistice is signed. He died from a sudden heart attack on 1994. Western sources seem to put in doubt a number of the heroic achievements of Kim Il Sung.<\/p>\n<p><center><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/nomadscatalans.net\/fetataiwan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/DSC_1019.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"Kim Il Sung\" width=\"620\" height=\"412\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3011\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nomadscatalans.net\/fetataiwan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/DSC_1019.jpg 620w, https:\/\/nomadscatalans.net\/fetataiwan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/DSC_1019-300x199.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\" \/><\/center><\/p>\n<p>On April 15th 2012 it will be the 100th aniversary of Kim Il Sung and a lot of work is being put to be able to show the best of the country: opening of some of the Ryugyong floors, renovation of Pyongyang neighbourhoods, finalization of various civil infrastructures and the largest ever seen military parade at DPRK.<\/p>\n<p>Later on we visited a museum about north korean technology. The most interesting was to learn that  DPRK is very rich in minerals (although certain types are not exported because are considered strategic assets). They use minerals for everything, including making fibers!. DPRK is very poor on cultivable land (only 17% of their territory) and with a rather unfriendly climate, so they regularly have problems to feed their population and need to import food (some donated and some paid).<\/p>\n<p>They also have problems to generate energy (but they are about to open a need hydro power station and they seem too look at renewable energies too). It is also famous the story about nuclear power in DPRK (now the program is halted, at least this is what we were told).<\/p>\n<p>Due to isolation and sanctions they need to optimize a lot their processes and for example recycle most of the tyres, as otherwise they need to import.<\/p>\n<p>The final target would be to be self-suistaned in 99% of the needs and reduce imports to only 1% (still far to reach objective)<\/p>\n<p>In communist countries industry is national achievement and it is very visible on TV, propaganda and general media. In western countries we hardly ever see information about the activities of the \u00abbasic\u00bb industry in our countries (we are more service oriented).<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/nomadscatalans.net\/fetataiwan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/museu.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"Technology museum\" width=\"635\" height=\"547\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3013\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nomadscatalans.net\/fetataiwan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/museu.jpg 635w, https:\/\/nomadscatalans.net\/fetataiwan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/museu-300x258.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 635px) 100vw, 635px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>As there is a lof of mis\/information (sometimes on purpose sometimes just plain ignorance), few \u00abquick facts\u00bb about DPRK based on the official information provided by Alejandro and the guides plus some of my own personal observations. You can mix that with western sources and the thruth we&#8217;ll probably be somewhere in between.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>DPRK is a communist country with 24 milion inhabitants. The state provides free housing, education, medical care, clothes, coupons for food and finds a job for you. There is no unemployment.<\/li>\n<li>They work from Monday to Thursday for 8-9 a day. Friday is devoted to voluntary work (I understand this is working on some community projects or alike), half of Saturday is used as study day and the rest of Saturday and Sunday is just free time. They have 2 weeks of holiday every year. The thruth is that people are not stressed in Pyongyang.<\/li>\n<li>The organization and production objectives for the factories are managed by the state according to DPRK needs. In theory that allows to limite the overproduction of uncessary goods. This \u00abcentral planning\u00bb is always a complicated point in any communist country.<\/li>\n<li>It was mentioned to us that salary range from 3000-8000 wons (20\u20ac &#8211; 60\u20ac using exchange rate 150 Won = 1\u20ac). People with harder jobs (miners, farmers, etc.) get higher salaries and office workers lower ones. With their salary they can buy additional food, clothes, etc. Sources like Wikipedia mention a monthly salary of 2\u20ac but I also read in other parts 1000\u20ac a year&#8230; so difficult to know. Low salaries are a selling point for the companies that want to have some manufacturing done in DPRK.<\/li>\n<li>There are banks, but only saving banks. You can&#8217;t get a large credit (only a small one to get married). Looking at the debt crisis that seems to be a good thing.<\/li>\n<li>There are no adverts (but you will hardly miss them). The only adverts I could spot were at the import-export shop where national products where on display to be exported.<\/li>\n<li>There are shops but belong to the state (not a private business). Sometimes shops are run by old people who live nearby so they can have contact with their neighbours. I will talk more about the shops later on.<\/li>\n<li>It is possible to Pyongyang citizens to use the bycicle and ladies can wear trousers (who wrote they could not???)<\/li>\n<li>Jeans are not allowed (too american)<\/li>\n<li>Having two guides in the group is not to avoid that tourists brive a guide but to allow guides to rest and take turns (guide is with the group and not with the family for the whole trip duration). I assume two guides see and hear more too, so more information can be collected and reported about the tourists behaviour.<\/li>\n<li>Alejandro mentioned in various ocassions that North Korean society has a very strict moral on how to behave in public but at the same time they won&#8217;t sniff into private matters (such as sexual orientation). <\/li>\n<li>There is almost no police as \u00abeverybody is a policeman\/policewoman\u00bb. I assume it has to be uncomfortable that a neighbour reports about your missbehaviour.<\/li>\n<li>The country is ultra safe and there are almost no security cameras (but there is always someone watching you anyway :))<\/li>\n<li>At the city, except in few roundabounds, there is little traffic and if you combine that with large avenues it looks like a very deserted place. Outside the city the traffic is minimal and the roads and <strong>very<\/strong> over-dimensioned. The official answer is that roads have been designed for war (to move tanks and be able to take-off\/land planes)<\/li>\n<li>North Korean people smile, is active with sports (including skating!), dance at the parcs (after drinking some beer), etc&#8230; so regular people&#8230; at least from an external point of view.<\/li>\n<p>There arw two main ideas that inspire nord corean nation and you must take them into account while paying a visit to this country,  <strong>the Juche and the Songun<\/strong>. Mi explanation will be brief and probably incomplete, but you can find other sources on internet if you are really into it.<\/p>\n<p><b><u>The Juche<\/b><\/u><br \/>\nJuche idea has been defined as the application of Marxism-Leninism to the north korean context it is about being able to keep the capacity to act in an independent way without external interferences (in fact the international sanctions don&#8217;t leave room for any other option). In Spain I just discovered that there is a <a href=\"http:\/\/partidojuche.wordpress.com\/\" target=\"_blank\">Partido Juche en Espa\u00f1a.<\/a><\/p>\n<p>At Pyongyang there is a huge tower of 170 meters (Juche Tower) build on Kim Il Sung&#8217;s 70th aniversary. You will also see the emblem of the Workers Party of Korea with the worker, the peasant and the intellectual. We also visited some other  monument with the same emblem.<\/p>\n<p>[salbumphotos=104,64,max,n,n,picasa_order]<\/p>\n<p><b><u>Songun<\/b><\/u><br \/>\nSongun is easier to explain and understand: \u00abArmy first\u00bb, but not only in terms of national defense but also in terms of being the engine of the revolution around the country. In DPRK talk about the Songun era to talk about the current era.<\/p>\n<p>Unlike other armys in the world, DPRK army is an army that is used as construction force for buildings, civil engineering, other arrangements, etc. The army people are always depicted alongside the workers on the official propaganda. It looks like a good idea to me to use the existing army structure, resources and workforce for something like buliding the country&#8230; other countries could learn from DPRK (at least in this aspect).<\/p>\n<p>The army has around 1 milion people (although at DPRK \u00abeverybody is a soldier\u00bb and everybody is ready to die for the country) and North Korea has few (less than 10?) nuclear heads. If they are attacked they are ready to send missiles to Tokyo and Seoul in few minutes. It is mostly a dissuasory element to avoid being attacked and to be able to deal with their internal issues on their own particular ways (and it seems to be working so far).<\/p>\n<p>More than once during the conversations we heard that without an army you can not defend you idees\/policies (someone even offered to help at Catalunya if necessary). I am not a big fan of army stuff but I have to admit that western forces only attack regimes with weak army and\/or no friends and the UN security council. Libya is the most recent example: after Gadafi reduced his military efforts (in order to be accepted at western circles), with the \u00abexcuse\u00bb of Arab Spring his regime has been attacked and it is about to be toppled. Similarly North Korea would not exist if they would  not have such a powerful army.<\/p>\n<h2>The pin in the heart<\/h2>\n<p>One of the most characteristic images of DPRK is that everybody wears a pin with the image of Kim Il Sung or Kim Jong Il (not so often).<\/p>\n<p><center><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/nomadscatalans.net\/fetataiwan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/pin.jpg\" alt=\"Image from http:\/\/www.flickr.com\/photos\/fljckr\/\" title=\"Pin\" width=\"500\" height=\"333\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3016\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nomadscatalans.net\/fetataiwan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/pin.jpg 500w, https:\/\/nomadscatalans.net\/fetataiwan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/08\/pin-300x199.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/center><\/p>\n<p>This is a present from North Korea to their citizens (when they turn 21 if my notes are correct). Additional pins can be obtained for special services to the country and there are various ranks but I did not fully understand the details. The foreigners that work in favour of DPRK are provided with a white background pin (the normal is red). According to themselves, Alejandro and Bjonar are the two only exceptions in the whole world as they have a red background pin with the highest possible rank due to their work and commitment at KFA. The north korean citizens that saw that could not believe it and had to ask them how they got their pin as it is really unsual.<\/p>\n<p>[salbumphotos=105,64,max,n,n,picasa_order]<\/p>\n<p>Note: In China or eBay you can get the pin too but it won&#8217;t have all the symbolic values attached.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Note: The next parts of this post will have more photos and less text! :) I had to firstly introduce a little bit the context of the country.<\/strong><!--:--><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Com ja va dir l&#8217;Anna al seu anterior post no he anat a visitar-la a la \u00cdndia. La destinaci\u00f3 sorpresa d&#8217;aquest any era Corea del Nord (o Democratic People&#8217;s Republic of Korea, DPRK) i com que podeu llegir aix\u00f2 vol dir que tot ha anat b\u00e9 :) Com que resulta una destinaci\u00f3 particular (ja veieu [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,7,27,31,13,14,21,8,16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2990","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-architecture","category-burocracia","category-corea","category-northkorea","category-culture","category-freak","category-politics","category-transport","category-turisme"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.1.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Viatge a Corea del Nord amb la Korean Friendship Association (KFA) l&#039;agost del 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